The reverse osmosis membrane is the core component for realizing reverse osmosis. It is an artificial semipermeable membrane with certain characteristics made by simulating biological semipermeability. Generally made of polymer materials. Such as cellulose acetate membrane, aromatic polyhydrazide membrane, aromatic polyacyl membrane. The diameter of the surface micropores is generally between . Some polymer materials are good at repelling salt, but their water penetration rate is not good. The chemical structure of some polymer materials has many hydrophilic groups, so the water permeation rate is relatively fast. Therefore, a satisfactory reverse osmosis membrane should have appropriate permeation capacity or desalination.
The reverse osmosis membrane should have the following characteristics: should have an efficient salt rejection rate at high flow rates; have a high mechanical strength and service life; be able to function at low operating pressures; be able to withstand the influence of chemical or biochemical effects; be affected by value, temperature The influence of factors such as film-making is relatively small. The raw materials for film production are easy to source, easy to process, and low in cost.
There are two types of reverse osmosis membrane structures: asymmetric membrane and homogeneous membrane. The currently used membrane materials are mainly cellulose acetate and aromatic polyamide. Its components include hollow fiber type, roll type, plate and frame type and tube type. It can be used for chemical unit operations such as separation, concentration, and purification, and is mainly used in pure water preparation and water treatment industries.
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